{"id":466,"date":"2026-08-23T00:51:27","date_gmt":"2026-08-22T16:51:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/2026\/08\/23\/menard-rhetoric-en\/"},"modified":"2026-08-23T19:20:11","modified_gmt":"2026-08-23T11:20:11","slug":"menard-rhetoric-en","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/2026\/08\/23\/menard-rhetoric-en\/","title":{"rendered":"AI_02_Pierre Menard, autor del Quijote_\u300a\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u76ae\u57c3\u5c14\u00b7\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14_\u4fee\u8f9e\u8fa8\u8bc6\u6c47\u603b_EN"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-size:13px;letter-spacing:.08em;color:#7a8494\">sosia-lab \u00b7 \u535a\u5c14\u8d6b\u65af\u968f\u7b14 \u00b7 <strong>\u672c\u6587\u7531 AI \u6574\u7406<\/strong> \uff5c \u8bed\u6599\uff1aFicciones \u2014 Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote\uff08\u82f1\/\u897f\u5bf9\u7167\uff09<\/p>\n<div class=\"src-meta\">\n<p><strong>Pierre Menard, autor del Quijote \uff0f Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u8bd1\u8005\uff1aJames E. Irby\uff08\u6536 <em>Labyrinths<\/em>, New Directions, 1962\uff1b2007 \u6821\u8ba2\u91cd\u5370\u672c\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u897f\u8bed\u539f\u6587\u9996\u520a\uff1a1939 \u5e74 5 \u6708\uff0c\u300a\u5357\u65b9\u300b\uff08<em>Sur<\/em>\uff09\u7b2c 9 \u5e74\u7b2c 56 \u671f\u2014\u2014\u4e03\u7bc7\u4e2d\u6700\u65e9\u3002\u732e\u8bcd\u300cA Silvina Ocampo\u300dIrby \u8bd1\u672c\u6709\u8bd1\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6b63\u6587\u672b\u3001\u8bd1\u8005\u7f72\u540d\u524d\uff08\u7ed3\u6784\u4f4d\u7f6e\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u975e\u7f3a\u5931\uff09\u3002\u6536 <em>Ficciones<\/em> \u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u8bed\u6599\u57fa\u51c6<\/strong>\uff1a\u82f1\u6587\u5f15\u6587\u9010\u5b57\u6838\u5bf9\u4e8e J. E. Irby \u8bd1\u672c\uff0cLabyrinths<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ea4\u53c9\u5f15\u7528<\/strong>\uff1afn1\/fn2\/fn3 \u4e3a\u5168\u7bc7\u4e09\u5904\u811a\u6ce8\u6bb5\u6807\u8bb0\uff1b[date] \u4e3a Irby \u8bd1\u672c\u5220\u53bb\u7684\u843d\u6b3e\uff08N\u00eemes, 1939\uff09\uff0c\u8bed\u6599\u5f15 ES \u539f\u6587\u8865\u9f50<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\" style=\"margin:4px 0 14px;font-size:.92em\">\ud83d\udcdd \u6b63\u6587\u542b <strong>10<\/strong> \u9053\u9009\u62e9\u9898\uff1a\u70b9\u51fb\u4f60\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u5373\u63ed\u6653\u7b54\u6848\u4e0e\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u4f5c\u7b54\u540e\u4e0d\u53ef\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u537701-\u53ef\u89c1\u4f5c\u54c1\u76ee\u5f55122\">\u537701 \u53ef\u89c1\u4f5c\u54c1\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u00b61\u2013\u00b622\uff09<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"\u60bc\u8bcd\u5f0f\u5f00\u573a\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u7ea0\u9519\">\u00b61 \u60bc\u8bcd\u5f0f\u5f00\u573a\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u7ea0\u9519<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u620f\u4eff\uff08parody\uff0c\u4eff\u60bc\u8bcd\u4f53\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>we gathered before his final monument, amidst the lugubrious cypresses<\/code> \uff0b <code>Error tries to tarnish his Memory<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>m\u00e1rmol final<\/code>\uff0f<code>cipreses infaustos<\/code>\uff0f<code>Memoria<\/code>\u5927\u5199\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>m\u00e1rmol final<\/code>\u3001<code>cipreses infaustos<\/code>\u3001<code>el Error trata de empa\u00f1ar su Memoria<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f34\u968f\uff1a\u5893\u56ed\u610f\u8c61\u3001\u5938\u5f20\u3001\u62df\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration \/ enumeratio\uff0c\u60bc\u8bcd\u9012\u964d\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>though these be few and Calvinist, if not Masonic and circumcised<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>calvinistas, cuando no masones y circuncisos<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>pocos y calvinistas, cuando no masones y circuncisos<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"C\">\n<p><strong>2. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>though these be few and Calvinist, if not Masonic and circumcised<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>calvinistas, cuando no masones y circuncisos<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u53cd\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff08anticlimax\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a2. \u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration\uff0c\u5b97\u6d3e\/\u8eab\u4efd\u6807\u7b7e\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u590d\u7b97\u7684\u201c\u7531\u5d07\u9ad8\u964d\u5230\u7410\u788e\u201d\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u5b97\u6d3e\u8eab\u4efd\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u5217\u4e3e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>3. \u62df\u4eba\uff08personification \/ prosopopoeia\uff0cError\u65bd\u52a8\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>el Error trata de empa\u00f1ar su Memoria<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u8bbd\u523a\uff08satire\uff0c\u65b0\u95fb\u8bed\u57df\u8ddd\u79bb\uff09 \u26a0\ufe0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>a certain daily, whose Protestant tendency is no secret, has had the inconsideration to inflict upon its deplorable readers<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>cierto diario cuya tendencia protestante no es un secreto<\/code>\u3001<code>deplorables lectores<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5019\u9009\uff1a\u8bbd\u523a\uff08satire\uff09\/\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u53d9\u8ff0\uff08unreliable narration\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u6743\u5a01\u80cc\u4e66\u4e0e\u6c99\u9f99\u8ba4\u8bc1\">\u00b62 \u6743\u5a01\u80cc\u4e66\u4e0e\u6c99\u9f99\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u8bc9\u8bf8\u6743\u5a01\uff08argumentum ad verecundiam\uff0c\u8bc1\u4eba\u8bc1\u8bcd\u5f0f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>two eminent testimonies<\/code> \uff0b <code>These authorizations, I think, are not entirely insufficient.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>dos altos testimonios<\/code>\u3001<code>Esas ejecutorias, creo, no son insuficientes<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f34\u968f\uff1alitotes\uff08<code>no son insuficientes<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u8d35\u65cf\u793c\u4eea\u8bed\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff0c\u6539\u5ac1\u6761\u76ee\u660e\u8912\u5b9e\u8d2c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>now of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, following her recent marriage to the international philanthropist Simon Kautzsch, who has been so inconsiderately slandered, alas! by the victims of his disinterested maneuvers<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>fil\u00e1ntropo internacional<\/code>\u3001<code>v\u00edctimas de sus desinteresadas maniobras<\/code>\u3001<code>\u00a1ay!<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u672a\u7ecf\u8bed\u6599\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u63a8\u65ad\uff1a\u5339\u5179\u5821\u5de5\u4e1a\u8d44\u672c\u80cc\u666f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4f5c\u4e3a\u672c\u6761\u6210\u7acb\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"B\">\n<p><strong>2. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>the international philanthropist Simon Kautzsch, who has been so inconsiderately slandered, alas! by the victims of his disinterested maneuvers<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff08pseudo-scholarship\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u6096\u8bba\uff08paradox\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a2. \u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff0c\u6148\u5584\u5bb6\/\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>v\u00edctimas<\/code> \u5df2\u516c\u5f00\u7834\u574f <code>fil\u00e1ntropo \/ desinteresadas<\/code> \u7684\u6b63\u9762\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684 verbal irony \u6bd4 innuendo\uff08\u5f71\u5c04\uff09\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>3. \u8c26\u6291\u5957\u8bed\uff08modesty topos \/ captatio benevolentiae\uff0c\u8f7b\u6743\u5a01\u59ff\u6001\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>it is quite easy to challenge my slight authority<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>pobre autoridad<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>mi pobre autoridad<\/code>\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u8bc9\u8bf8 <code>dos altos testimonios<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u8bed\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\uff08code-switching\uff0c\u6cd5\u8bed\u8bcd\u5d4c\u5165\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>at whose unforgettable vendredis I had the honor of meeting the lamented poet<\/code> \uff0b <code>in an open letter published in the magazine Luxe<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>vendredis<\/code>\u3001\u6742\u5fd7\u540d <code>Luxe<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u539f\u6587\/\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\uff1aIrby \u4fdd\u7559 <code>vendredis<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f02\u8bed\u6548\u679c\u5728\u82f1\u8bd1\u4e2d\u4ecd\u90e8\u5206\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u79c1\u4eba\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c1\u4f5c\u54c1\u76ee\u5f55\">\u00b63 \u79c1\u4eba\u6863\u6848\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c1\u4f5c\u54c1\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u91cd\u590d\uff08repetition\uff0c\u7bc7\u76ee\u6846\u67b6\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u00b61 <code>The visible work left by this novelist is easily and briefly enumerated.<\/code> \uff0b \u00b63 <code>Menard's visible work can be easily enumerated.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a &#8211; \u00b61 <code>La obra visible ... es de f\u00e1cil y breve enumeraci\u00f3n<\/code> &#8211; \u00b63 <code>He dicho que la obra visible de Menard es f\u00e1cilmente enumerable<\/code><\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"A\">\n<p><strong>1. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u00b61 <code>The visible work left by this novelist is easily and briefly enumerated.<\/code> \uff0b \u00b63 <code>Menard's visible work can be easily enumerated.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u91cd\u590d\uff08repetition\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff08pseudo-scholarship\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a1. \u91cd\u590d\uff08repetition\uff0c\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u53e5\u5f0f\u590d\u73b0\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b61 \u548c \u00b63 \u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u548c\u53e5\u5f0f\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u590d\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u7bc7\u201c\u9996\u5c3e\u201d\u95ed\u5408\uff08\u00b63\u4ecd\u5728\u5f00\u5934\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>2. \u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff08pseudo-documentation\uff0c\u6863\u6848\u6838\u67e5\u59ff\u6001\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>Having examined with care his personal files, I find that they contain the following items<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>Examinado con esmero su archivo particular, he verificado<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>Examinado con esmero su archivo particular, he verificado...<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u5206\u6790\u9700\u7ea0\u9519\uff1a\u00b641\u201c\u9500\u6bc1\u8349\u7a3f\u201d\u53ea\u6d89\u53ca\u5730\u4e0b\u4f5c\u54c1\u8349\u7a3f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e0e\u6b64\u5904\u201c\u79c1\u4eba\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\u6709\u53ef\u89c1\u4f5c\u54c1\u8d44\u6599\u201d\u6784\u6210\u76f4\u63a5\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration \/ enumeratio\uff0c\u5217\u76ee\u524d\u5bfc\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>I find that they contain the following items<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>las piezas que siguen<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<code>las piezas que siguen:<\/code>\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u8fdb\u5165 a)\u3001b)\u3001c)\u2026 \u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"\u537702-\u5730\u4e0b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e0e\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba2333-fn2\">\u537702 \u5730\u4e0b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e0e\u300a\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff08\u00b623\u2013\u00b633 + fn2\uff09<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"\u53ef\u89c1\u4f5c\u54c1\u5730\u4e0b\u4f5c\u54c1\">\u00b623 \u53ef\u89c1\u4f5c\u54c1\u2192\u5730\u4e0b\u4f5c\u54c1<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u8f6c\u63a5\uff08transitio \/ metabasis\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u8f6c\u5411\u5730\u4e0b\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>I turn now to his other work: the subterranean, the interminably heroic, the peerless.<\/code> ES: <code>Paso ahora a la otra: la subterr\u00e1nea, la interminablemente heroica, la impar.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u8f6c\u63a5\uff08transitio \/ metabasis\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u7a7a\u95f4\u9690\u55bb\uff08<code>subterr\u00e1nea<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u5143\u53d9\u8ff0\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u7a81\u8f6c\uff08peripeteia\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"C\">\n<p><strong>1. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>I turn now to his other work: the subterranean, the interminably heroic, the peerless.<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>Paso ahora a la otra<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u6096\u8bba\uff08paradox\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u8f6c\u63a5\uff08transition\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a1. \u8f6c\u63a5\uff08transitio \/ metabasis\uff0cvisible\u2192subterranean\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53e5\u7528 <code>Hasta aqu\u00ed<\/code> \u6536\u675f\u53ef\u89c1\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u672c\u53e5\u4ee5 <code>Paso ahora<\/code> \u660e\u793a\u8f6c\u5165\u5730\u4e0b\u4f5c\u54c1\u2014\u2014\u53d9\u8ff0\u8005\u516c\u5f00\u5ba3\u5e03\u201c\u4eceA\u8f6c\u5230B\u201d\u7684\u7bc7\u7ae0\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u60c5\u8282\u7a81\u7136\u9006\u8f6c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7a81\u8f6c\uff08peripeteia\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u53cd\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff08anticlimax \/ descending gradatio\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7011\u5e03\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>the subterranean, the interminably heroic, the peerless. And\u2014such are the capacities of man!\u2014the unfinished.<\/code> ES: <code>la subterr\u00e1nea, la interminablemente heroica, la impar. Tambi\u00e9n, \u00a1ay de las posibilidades del hombre!, la inconclusa.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u53cd\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff08anticlimax\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5217\u4e3e\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u6027\u547c\u53f9\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u7a81\u964d\uff08bathos\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u5e76\u7f6e\uff08juxtaposition\uff0c\u8912\u8d2c\u5e76\u7f6e\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>the hospitable, or avid, album of Madame Henri Bachelier<\/code> ES: <code>el hospitalario, o \u00e1vido, \u00e1lbum de Madame Henri Bachelier<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5e76\u7f6e\uff08juxtaposition\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u8bbd\u523a\u6027\u8272\u5f69\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u503e\u5411\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u542b\u6df7\uff08ambiguity\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u5938\u5f20\uff08hyperbole\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u65ad\u8a00\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>This work, perhaps the most significant of our time<\/code> ES: <code>Esa obra, tal vez la m\u00e1s significativa de nuestro tiempo<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5938\u5f20\uff08hyperbole\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u60c5\u6001\uff08<code>tal vez \/ perhaps<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u53cd\u8bbd\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u4e24\u4e2a\u7075\u611f\u6765\u6e90\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\">\u00b624 \u4e24\u4e2a\u7075\u611f\u6765\u6e90\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u5e76\u7f6e\uff08juxtaposition\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7b49\u6587\u672c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>Two texts of unequal value inspired this undertaking.<\/code> ES: <code>Dos textos de valor desigual inspiraron la empresa.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5e76\u7f6e\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4e8c\u5206\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u5bf9\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u4e09\u9879\u5f0f\uff08tricolon\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u9519\u7f6e\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>Christ on a boulevard, Hamlet on La Cannebi\u00e8re or Don Quixote on Wall Street<\/code> ES: <code>Cristo en un bulevar, a Hamlet en la Cannebi\u00e8re o a don Quijote en Wall Street<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u4e09\u9879\u5f0f\uff08tricolon\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\uff08anachronism\uff09\u3001\u5217\u4e3e\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u5047\u4e24\u96be\uff08false dichotomy\uff0c\u6052\u771f\u5f0f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>all epochs are the same or are different<\/code> ES: <code>todas las \u00e9pocas son iguales o de que son distintas<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5047\u4e24\u96be\uff08false dichotomy\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4e8c\u5143\u5bf9\u7167\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u540c\u4e49\u53cd\u590d\uff08tautology\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u5c42\u8fdb\uff08climax \/ gradatio\uff0c\u8d2c\u6291\u9012\u5347\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>the plebeian pleasure of anachronism or (what is worse) ... the elementary idea<\/code> ES: <code>el plebeyo placer del anacronismo o (lo que es peor) ... la idea primaria<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5c42\u8fdb\uff08climax \/ gradatio\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\u3001\u8d2c\u4e49\u8bcd\u6c47\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u4e09\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>5. \u7701\u7565\uff08ellipsis\uff0c\u7701\u7565\u53f7\u6536\u675f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>which was Tartarin . . .<\/code> ES: <code>que es Tartar\u00edn...<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u7701\u7565\u53f7\u60ac\u7f6e\uff08suspensive ellipsis\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u8f6c\u573a\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u8df3\u8131\uff08aposiopesis\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u4e0d\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u800c\u662f\u90a3\u4e00\u90e8\">\u00b625 \u201c\u4e0d\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u90a3\u4e00\u90e8\u201d<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcd\u4e0e\u5b9a\u51a0\u8bcd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>another Quixote ... but the Quixote itself<\/code> ES: <code>otro Quijote \u2014lo cual es f\u00e1cil\u2014 sino el Quijote<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5426\u5b9a\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u9650\u5b9a\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u201c\u51a0\u8bcd\u627f\u62c5\u5168\u90e8\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u5426\u5b9a\uff08negation\uff0c\u6392\u9664\u5f0f\u754c\u5b9a\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>he never contemplated a mechanical transcription ... he did not propose to copy it<\/code> ES: <code>no encar\u00f3 nunca una transcripci\u00f3n mec\u00e1nica ... no se propon\u00eda copiarlo<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5426\u5b9a\uff08negation\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6392\u9664\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1dapophasis\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff08metafiction\uff0c\u5c11\u9875\u4e0e\u5168\u7b49\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>a few pages which would coincide\u2014word for word and line for line\u2014with those of Miguel de Cervantes<\/code> ES: <code>unas p\u00e1ginas que coincidieran\u2014palabra por palabra y l\u00ednea por l\u00ednea\u2014 con las de Miguel de Cervantes<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff08metafiction\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6587\u672c\u540c\u4e00\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u6096\u8bba\u6027\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff0c\u7834\u6298\u53f7\u5939\u6ce8\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>coincide\u2014word for word and line for line\u2014with<\/code> ES: <code>coincidieran\u2014palabra por palabra y l\u00ednea por l\u00ednea\u2014 con<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u91cd\u590d\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u524d\u666f\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"bayonne\u6765\u4fe1\u4e0e\u65e0\u8349\u7a3f\">\u00b626 Bayonne\u6765\u4fe1\u4e0e\u65e0\u8349\u7a3f<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u6de1\u5316\u9648\u8ff0\uff08understatement \/ meiosis\uff0c\u60ca\u4eba\u5ba3\u8a00\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>My intent is no more than astonishing<\/code> ES: <code>Mi prop\u00f3sito es meramente asombroso<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u6de1\u5316\u9648\u8ff0\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u642d\u914d\u5f20\u529b\u3001\u60c5\u6001\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u77db\u76fe\u4fee\u8f9e\uff08oxymoron\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"B\">\n<p><strong>1. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>My intent is no more than astonishing<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>Mi prop\u00f3sito es meramente asombroso<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u6de1\u5316\u9648\u8ff0\uff08understatement\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff08pseudo-scholarship\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u6096\u8bba\uff08paradox\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a1. \u6de1\u5316\u9648\u8ff0\uff08understatement \/ meiosis\uff0c\u60ca\u4eba\u5ba3\u8a00\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u5199\u300a\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u662f\u6781\u5176\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5374\u4ee5 <code>no more than \/ meramente<\/code>\uff08\u201c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u201d\uff09\u8f7b\u63cf\u6de1\u5199\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u6de1\u5316\u5f3a\u5316\u60ca\u4eba\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u7c7b\u6bd4\uff08analogy\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5bb6\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>The final term in a theological or metaphysical demonstration ... is no less previous and common than my famed novel.<\/code> ES: <code>El t\u00e9rmino final de una demostraci\u00f3n teol\u00f3gica o metaf\u00edsica ... no es menos anterior y com\u00fan que mi divulgada novela.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u7c7b\u6bd4\uff08analogy\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5217\u4e3e\uff08\u4e16\u754c\/\u4e0a\u5e1d\/\u56e0\u679c\/\u666e\u904d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\uff08\u516c\u5f00\/\u4e22\u5f03\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u6c89\u9ed8\u8bba\u8bc1\uff08argument from silence \/ argumentum ex silentio\uff0c\u8bc1\u8bcd\u5f0f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>In truth, not one worksheet remains to bear witness to his years of effort.<\/code> ES: <code>En efecto, no queda un solo borrador que atestig\u00fce ese trabajo de a\u00f1os.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u6c89\u9ed8\u8bba\u8bc1\uff08argument from silence\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u8bc1\u8a00\u8bed\u57df\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u91cf\u8bcd\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u53cd\u8bbd\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u8bfb\u8005\u5f02\u8bae\">\u00b627 \u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u8bfb\u8005\u5f02\u8bae<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u9884\u671f\u53cd\u9a73\uff08procatalepsis\uff0c\u4ee3\u62df\u8bfb\u8005\u6297\u8bae\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>Rather as impossible! my reader will say.<\/code> ES: <code>\u00a1M\u00e1s bien por imposible! dir\u00e1 el lector.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u662f\u53d9\u8ff0\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u63d0\u51fa\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9884\u5148\u66ff\u8bfb\u8005\u8bf4\u51fa\u53cd\u9a73\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4ee5 <code>De acuerdo \/ Granted<\/code> \u63a5\u62db\u3002\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e3a procatalepsis\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u8bed\u3001\u8bfb\u8005\u5efa\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u96be\u5ea6\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>less arduous ... less interesting<\/code> ES: <code>menos arduo \u2014por consiguiente, menos interesante\u2014<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u53e5\u6cd5\u628a\u201c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u66f4\u65e0\u8da3\u201d\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f5c\u4e3a Menard \u7684\u66f4\u96be\u65b9\u6848\u5f62\u6210\u9690\u542b\u5bf9\u7167\u3002\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 ABBA \u5012\u7f6e\u6216\u903b\u8f91\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u6545\u4e3b\u540d\u7528 antithesis \u66f4\u7a33\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff0c\u964d\u683c\u5224\u65ad\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>To be, in the twentieth century, a popular novelist of the seventeenth seemed to him a diminution.<\/code> ES: <code>Ser en el siglo veinte un novelista popular del siglo diecisiete le pareci\u00f3 una disminuci\u00f3n.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>diminution \/ disminuci\u00f3n<\/code> \u662f\u660e\u793a\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ecf\u5178 understatement\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u81ea\u4e24\u91cd\u65f6\u95f4\u8eab\u4efd\u5bf9\u7f6e\uff1a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684 Menard vs 17\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>presentar el Quijote en funci\u00f3n de ese personaje y no de Menard<\/code> EN: <code>presenting the Quixote in terms of that character and not of Menard<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>en funci\u00f3n de<\/code> \u5728\u6b64\u662f\u5e38\u89c4\u5173\u7cfb\u77ed\u8bed\uff1bIrby \u76f4\u63a5\u8bd1\u4e3a <code>in terms of<\/code>\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u652f\u6301\u6570\u5b66\u201c\u51fd\u6570\u201d\u9690\u55bb\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u662f <code>ese personaje \/ no de Menard<\/code> \u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5f52\u5c5e\u5bf9\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>5. \u6de1\u5316\u9648\u8ff0\uff08understatement \/ meiosis\uff0c\u4e0d\u673d\u4f5c\u8f7b\u6761\u4ef6\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>Me bastar\u00eda ser inmortal para llevarla a cabo.<\/code> EN: <code>I should only have to be immortal to carry it out.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4ee5 <code>bastar\u00eda \/ only have to<\/code> \u628a\u201c\u4e0d\u673d\u201d\u5904\u7406\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7684\u5145\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4f4e\u8c03\u5316\u3002\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e3a meiosis\uff1b\u8352\u8c2c\u611f\/\u53cd\u8bbd\u4e3a\u4f34\u968f\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>6. \u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff0c\u58f0\u7eb9\u9884\u544a\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>reconoc\u00ed el estilo de nuestro amigo y como su voz<\/code> EN: <code>I recognized our friend\u2019s style and something of his voice<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u524d\u53d9\u8ff0\u5c06\u6765\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u662f\u4e25\u683c prolepsis\u3002\u5b83\u9884\u5148\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u9605\u8bfb\u6cd5\uff1a\u5728 Cervantes \u672a\u88ab Menard \u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u4e2d\u4ecd\u201c\u8ba4\u51fa\u201dMenard\uff0c\u540e\u6587\u5c06\u628a\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u672c\u56e0\u4f5c\u8005\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u673a\u5236\u63a8\u5230\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u66f4\u9002\u5408 foreshadowing\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"A\">\n<p><strong>6. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>I recognized our friend's style and something of his voice<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>reconoc\u00ed el estilo de nuestro amigo y como su voz<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff08pseudo-scholarship\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a6. \u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff0c\u58f0\u7eb9\u9884\u544a\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u201c\u65e0\u8349\u7a3f\u201d\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7537\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u79f0\u8ba4\u51fa\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\u7684\u201c\u98ce\u683c\u548c\u58f0\u97f3\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u540e\u6587 \u00b637 \u9010\u5b57\u76f8\u540c\u5f15\u6587\u7684\u5f52\u5c5e\u5dee\u5f02\u57cb\u4e0b\u4f0f\u7b14\u2014\u2014\u98ce\u683c\u5373\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>7. \u7528\u5178\uff08allusion\uff0c\u795e\u8bdd\u8096\u50cf\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>las ninfas de los r\u00edos, la dolorosa y h\u00famida Eco<\/code> EN: <code>the river nymphs and the dolorous and humid Echo<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5927\u5199 <code>Eco \/ Echo<\/code> \u4e0e <code>ninfas \/ nymphs<\/code> \u5f62\u6210\u660e\u786e\u795e\u8bdd\u8bed\u57df\uff0c\u7528\u5178\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"shakespeare\u5f15\u6587\">\u00b628 Shakespeare\u5f15\u6587<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u4e92\u6587\uff08intertextuality\uff0c\u5f15\u6587\u5d4c\u5165\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\/ES \u4e2d\u5747\u4fdd\u7559\uff1a<code>Where a malignant and a turbaned Turk . . .<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u786e\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a <code>un verso de Shakespeare \/ a verse by Shakespeare<\/code>\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u628a\u8be5\u8bd7\u884c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u5f15\u6587\u5d4c\u5165\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u8bc1\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u7701\u7565\uff08ellipsis\uff0c\u5f15\u6587\u622a\u65ad\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>Where a malignant and a turbaned Turk . . .<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u80fd\u786e\u8ba4\u5f15\u7528\u5728\u7701\u7565\u53f7\u5904\u88ab\u622a\u77ed\uff1b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u8bed\u6599\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u662f\u8bf4\u8bdd\u8005\u56e0\u60c5\u7eea\u538b\u529b\u800c\u201c\u987f\u7edd\u201d\u7684 aposiopesis\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u4f8b\u8bc1\uff08exemplification\uff0c\u4f8b\u8bc1\u81ea\u53cd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>un adjetivo moral y otro f\u00edsico<\/code> <code>malignant<\/code> + <code>turbaned<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5\u521a\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u5f15\u6587\u7ed9\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5f15\u6587\u662f\u524d\u4e00\u53e5\u6240\u8ff0\u4fee\u8f9e\u7ec4\u5408\u7684<strong>\u4f8b\u5b50<\/strong>\u3002\u8bd7\u884c\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5411\u201c\u81ea\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bd7\u884c\/\u4f8b\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u6784\u6210\u4e25\u683c self-reference\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u8bed\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\uff08code-switching\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u5b64\u5c9b\u6d88\u5931\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>Where a malignant and a turbaned Turk . . .<\/code>\uff08EN \u5168\u6bb5\u4ec5\u6b64\u4e00\u884c\u2014\u2014ES \u4e2d\u4e3a\u82f1\u8bed\u5b64\u5c9b\uff0cEN \u4e2d\u6d88\u5931\u4e8e\u540c\u8bed\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u897f\u8bed\u6b63\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed Shakespeare \u5f15\u6587\u6784\u6210\u660e\u663e\u8bed\u8a00\u5207\u6362\uff1bIrby \u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u6574\u7bc7\u5df2\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5207\u6362\u88ab\u540c\u8bed\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5f52\u5c5e\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; [\u539f\u6587] \u8bed\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u7acb\uff1b &#8211; [\u8bd1\u6587] \u540c\u8bed\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bed\u7801\u5c42\u7ea7\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"why-the-quixote-\u8c31\u7cfb\u4e0e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\">\u00b629 Why the Quixote? \u8c31\u7cfb\u4e0e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff0c\u8c31\u7cfb\u94fe\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>Poe, que engendr\u00f3 a Baudelaire, que engendr\u00f3 a Mallarm\u00e9, que engendr\u00f3 a Val\u00e9ry, que engendr\u00f3 a Edmond Teste<\/code> EN: <code>Poe, who engendered Baudelaire, who engendered Mallarm\u00e9, who engendered Val\u00e9ry, who engendered Edmond Teste<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>engendr\u00f3 \/ engendered<\/code> \u628a\u6587\u5b66\u5f71\u54cd\u5173\u7cfb\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5316\uff0c\u9690\u55bb\u8bc1\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\uff1b\u53cd\u590d\u7684 <code>que engendr\u00f3 \/ who engendered<\/code> \u540c\u65f6\u5f62\u6210\u9996\u8bed\/\u5173\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u91cd\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u6587\u4f53\u6a21\u4eff\uff08pastiche\uff0c\u5723\u7ecf\u8c31\u7cfb\u4f53\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>who engendered Baudelaire, who engendered Mallarm\u00e9, who engendered Val\u00e9ry, who engendered Edmond Teste<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>engendr\u00f3<\/code>\u00d74\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u91cd\u590d\u7684 <code>que engendr\u00f3...<\/code> \u786e\u5b9e\u6a21\u62df\u8c31\u7cfb\u5f0f\u6587\u4f53\uff0cpastiche \u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u9884\u671f\u53cd\u9a73\uff08procatalepsis\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u518d\u95ee\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 precisamente el Quijote? dir\u00e1 nuestro lector.<\/code> EN: <code>But why precisely the Quixote? our reader will ask.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u95ee\u53e5\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u529f\u80fd\u6bd4\u666e\u901a interrogatio \u66f4\u5177\u4f53\uff1a\u53d9\u8ff0\u8005\u66ff\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u201d\u63d0\u524d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e00\u9879\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u4f5c\u7b54\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e3a procatalepsis\uff1b\u4fee\u8f9e\u95ee\u53e5\u4e3a\u4f34\u968f\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff0c\u56fd\u7c4d\u5f52\u56e0\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>Esa preferencia, en un espa\u00f1ol, no hubiera sido inexplicable, pero sin duda lo es en un simbolista de N\u00eemes<\/code> EN: <code>Such a preference, in a Spaniard, would not have been inexplicable; but it is, no doubt, in a Symbolist from N\u00eemes<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u201c\u53d1\u751f\u5b66\u8c2c\u8bef\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56e0\u547d\u9898\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u800c\u5224\u5b9a\u5176\u771f\u5047\/\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b\u672c\u53e5\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u7528\u8eab\u4efd\u80cc\u666f\u89e3\u91ca\u201c\u504f\u597d\u662f\u5426\u4ee4\u4eba\u8d39\u89e3\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u4ee5\u6765\u6e90\u5426\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u8bc1\u7684\u662f\uff1a &#8211; <code>un espa\u00f1ol<\/code> vs <code>un simbolista de N\u00eemes<\/code> &#8211; <code>no ... inexplicable<\/code> vs <code>lo es<\/code> &#8211; <code>pero \/ but<\/code><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>5. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff0c\u5174\u8da3\u4e0e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>me interesa profundamente, pero no me parece ... inevitable<\/code> EN: <code>interests me deeply, but it does not seem ... inevitable<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>pero \/ but<\/code> \u663e\u5f0f\u628a\u201c\u5f3a\u70c8\u5174\u8da3\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u975e\u5fc5\u7136\u201d\u5e76\u7f6e\uff0cantithesis \u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>6. \u5938\u5f20\uff08hyperbole\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u60f3\u8c61\u5f0f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES: <code>No puedo imaginar el universo sin la interjecci\u00f3n de Poe<\/code> EN: <code>I cannot imagine the universe without Edgar Allan Poe\u2019s exclamation<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u7528\u201c\u65e0\u6cd5\u60f3\u8c61\u6ca1\u6709\u67d0\u4e00\u8bd7\u53e5\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u5b87\u5b99\u201d\u8861\u91cf\u6587\u5b66\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\uff0c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u8fc7\u91cf\uff0chyperbole \u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"poe\u5f15\u6587\">\u00b630 Poe\u5f15\u6587<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u524d\u666f\u5316\uff08foregrounding\uff0c\u4f8b\u8bc1\u72ec\u7acb\u6210\u6bb5\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>Ah, bear in mind this garden was enchanted!<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8be5\u82f1\u6587\u8bd7\u884c\u5728\u897f\u8bed\u6b63\u6587\u4e2d\u72ec\u7acb\u6210\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u53e5 <code>la interjecci\u00f3n de Poe<\/code> \u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u7248\u9762\u9694\u79bb\uff0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5207\u6362\u5171\u540c\u9020\u6210 foregrounding\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u610f\u8c61\uff08imagery\uff0c\u82b1\u56ed\u5373\u8bd7\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>Ah, bear in mind this garden was enchanted!<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5f15\u6587\u53ea\u8bf4 <code>this garden was enchanted<\/code>\uff1b\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8bcd\u53e5\u628a\u201c\u8bd7\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u82b1\u56ed\u201d\u5efa\u7acb A=B \u7684\u9690\u55bb\u540c\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u9b54\u6cd5\u82b1\u56ed\u610f\u8c61\uff08imagery\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u8bed\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\uff08code-switching\uff0c\u8bd7\u884c\u540c\u8bed\u5316\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>Ah, bear in mind this garden was enchanted!<\/code>\uff08ES \u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u4e3a\u82f1\u8bed\u8bd7\u884c\uff0cEN \u4e2d\u6d88\u5931\u4e3a\u540c\u8bed\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e0e\u00b628\u76f8\u540c\uff1a\u897f\u8bed\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u82f1\u8bed Poe \u5f15\u6587\u5f62\u6210\u8bed\u8a00\u5b64\u5c9b\uff1bIrby \u5168\u82f1\u8bed\u8bd1\u672c\u5c06\u5176\u540c\u8bed\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u540c\u8bed\u5316\u201d\u662f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f untranslatability\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u5076\u7136\u6027\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0e\u4e24\u6781\u6cd5\u5219\">\u00b631 \u5076\u7136\u6027\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0e\u4e24\u6781\u6cd5\u5219<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u60c5\u6001\uff08alethic modality\uff0c\u6a21\u6001\u8bcd\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>The Quixote is a contingent book; the Quixote is unnecessary. I can premeditate writing it, I can write it, without falling into a tautology.<\/code> ES: <code>El Quijote es un libro contingente, el Quijote es innecesario. Puedo premeditar su escritura, puedo escribirlo, sin incurrir en una tautolog\u00eda.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u672c\u6bb5\u968f\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u51fa\u73b0 <code>razonable, necesaria, acaso fatal<\/code> \u4e0e <code>casi imposible<\/code>\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u4ee5\u201c\u5076\u7136\u2014\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u2014\u5fc5\u8981\u2014\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\u7b49\u6a21\u6001\u8868\u8fbe\u7ec4\u7ec7\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u60c5\u6001\uff08alethic modality\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u91cd\u590d\uff08<code>El Quijote... el Quijote...<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u683c\u8a00\u4f53<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u5e76\u7f6e\uff08juxtaposition\uff0c\u53ea\u8bfb\u4e0d\u5199\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>Later, I have reread closely certain chapters, those which I shall not attempt for the time being.<\/code> ES: <code>Despu\u00e9s he rele\u00eddo con atenci\u00f3n algunos cap\u00edtulos, aquellos que no intentar\u00e9 por ahora.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5e76\u7f6e\uff08juxtaposition\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u53cd\u5dee &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09 &#8211; \u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\uff1d\u6096\u8bba\uff08paradox\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u7c7b\u6bd4\uff08analogy\uff0c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5373\u672a\u5199\u4e4b\u4e66\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>My general recollection of the Quixote, simplified by forgetfulness and indifference, can well equal the imprecise and prior image of a book not yet written.<\/code> ES: <code>Mi recuerdo general del Quijote, simplificado por el olvido y la indiferencia, puede muy bien equivaler a la imprecisa imagen anterior de un libro no escrito.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u7c7b\u6bd4\uff08analogy\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5bf9\u7167\uff08\u5df2\u8bfb\u4e4b\u4e66\/\u672a\u5199\u4e4b\u4e66\uff09\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u5177\u8c61\u5316\uff08<code>imagen<\/code>\uff09 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u9690\u55bb &#8211; \u4e0d\u5b9c\u4e3b\u540d\uff1d\u201c\u9884\u50cf\u201d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff0c\u6781\u6027\u6cd5\u5219\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>The first permits me to essay variations ...; the second obliges me to sacrifice these variations to the \u2018original\u2019 text...<\/code> ES: <code>La primera me permite ensayar variantes ...; la segunda me obliga a sacrificarlas al texto \u2018original\u2019...<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\uff08<code>La primera... \/ la segunda...<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u6218\u4e89\/\u796d\u732e\u8bed\u6c47 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u6096\u8bba\u6027\u8272\u5f69<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>5. \u5c42\u8fdb\uff08climax \/ gradatio\uff0c\u4e09\u8fde\u5347\u7ea7\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>a reasonable undertaking, necessary and perhaps even unavoidable; at the beginning of the twentieth, it is almost impossible.<\/code> ES: <code>una empresa razonable, necesaria, acaso fatal; a principios del veinte, es casi imposible.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5c42\u8fdb\uff08climax \/ gradatio\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5bf9\u7167\uff0817\u4e16\u7eaa\/20\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u3001\u60c5\u6001\uff08<code>acaso \/ casi<\/code>\uff09 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u4e09\u9879\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>Irby\u628a <code>fatal<\/code> \u7684\u201c\u547d\u5b9a\/\u5bbf\u547d\u201d\u8bed\u611f\u6536\u7a84\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>6. \u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff08metafiction\uff0c\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u4e4b\u5185\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>Amongst them, to mention only one, is the Quixote itself.<\/code> ES: <code>Entre ellos, para mencionar uno solo: el mismo Quijote.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u524d\u53e5\u8bf4\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1b\u300a\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u91cd\u5199\u300a\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5bf9\u539f\u4e66\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u5f71\u54cd\u8bed\u8a00\/\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff08metafiction\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5386\u53f2\/\u6587\u672c\u5c42\u7ea7\u53e0\u5408 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u53cd\u8eab\u6027\uff08reflexivity\uff09 &#8211; \u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\uff1d\u4e25\u683c\u81ea\u6307\uff08self-reference\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>7. \u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff0c\u5b64\u72ec\u7684\u6e38\u620f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>My solitary game is governed by two polar laws.<\/code> ES: <code>Mi solitario juego est\u00e1 gobernado por dos leyes polares.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u89c4\u5219\/\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8bed\u57df\u3001\u5bf9\u7167 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u6bcd\u9898\uff08motif\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u5c40\u90e8\u8272\u5f69\u5224\u51b3\">\u00b632 \u5c40\u90e8\u8272\u5f69\u5224\u51b3<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u8ba9\u6b65\uff08concessio \/ concession\uff0c\u4e8c\u624b\u80dc\u539f\u4f5c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>In spite of these three obstacles, Menard\u2019s fragmentary Quixote is more subtle than Cervantes\u2019.<\/code> ES\uff1a<code>A pesar de esos tres obst\u00e1culos, el fragmentario Quijote de Menard es m\u00e1s sutil que el de Cervantes.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>2. \u53cd\u590d\u53d8\u4e49\uff08antanaclasis\uff0c\u53cc\u91cd\u73b0\u5b9e\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>opposes to the fictions of chivalry the tawdry provincial reality of his country; Menard selects as his \u201creality\u201d the land of Carmen during the century of Lepanto and Lope de Vega.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>ES\u5148\u5199 <code>la pobre realidad provinciana de su pa\u00eds<\/code>\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u5199 <code>Menard elige como \u00abrealidad\u00bb la tierra de Carmen...<\/code>\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u8bcd <code>realidad<\/code> \u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u590d\u73b0\u65f6\u88ab\u5f15\u53f7\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5e76\u8f6c\u6210\u6587\u5b66\u5316\u3001\u7ecf\u6587\u5316\u60f3\u8c61\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u201c\u73b0\u5b9e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u591a\u8fde\u8bcd\uff08polysyndeton\uff0cES ni\u00d75\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>En su obra no hay gitaner\u00edas ni conquistadores, ni m\u00edsticos, ni Felipe Segundo ni autos de fe.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>4. \u4e13\u540d\u666e\u901a\u5316\uff08appellativization\uff0cFelipes Segundos\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>ni Felipe Segundo<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>or Philip the Seconds<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>5. \u9996\u8bed\u91cd\u590d\uff08anaphora\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u5224\u51b3\u53cc\u53e5\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Ese desd\u00e9n indica un sentido nuevo... Ese desd\u00e9n condena a Salammb\u00f4...<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u53e5\u4ee5 <code>Ese desd\u00e9n<\/code> \u8d77\u9996\uff0canaphora \u76f4\u63a5\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u4f34\u968f\uff1a\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u62df\u4eba\u5316\u65bd\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. \u8bed\u57df\u8f6c\u6362\uff08register shift\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u51b3\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Ese desd\u00e9n condena a Salammb\u00f4, inapelablemente.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>condena \/ inapelablemente<\/code> \u5c06\u53f8\u6cd5\u88c1\u5224\u8bed\u6c47\u79fb\u5165\u6587\u5b66\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e3a register shift\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1a\u9690\u55bb\u3001\u62df\u4eba\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u5b57\u9762\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5224\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"\u56db\u79cd\u9610\u91ca\u4e0e\u6279\u8bc4\u6743\u5a01\">\u00b633 \u56db\u79cd\u9610\u91ca\u4e0e\u6279\u8bc4\u6743\u5a01<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration \/ enumeratio\uff0c\u56db\u79cd\u89e3\u8bfb\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>Madame Bachelier has seen here ...; others ... a transcription of the Quixote; the Baroness de Bacourt, the influence of Nietzsche.<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Madame Bachelier ha visto ...; otros ... una transcripci\u00f3n del Quijote; la baronesa de Bacourt, la influencia de Nietzsche.<\/code> ES\u7eed\uff1a<code>A esa tercera interpretaci\u00f3n ... no s\u00e9 si me atrever\u00e9 a a\u00f1adir una cuarta...<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u7701\u7565\uff08\u540e\u4e24\u9879\u7701\u7565\u5b8c\u6574\u8c13\u8bed\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\u3001\u591a\u58f0\u90e8\u6279\u8bc4\u8bdd\u8bed &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u8bc4\u4ef7\uff08evaluation \/ appraisal\uff0c\u771f\u503c\u5012\u6302\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>others (not at all perspicaciously), a transcription of the Quixote<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>otros (nada perspicazmente) una transcripci\u00f3n del Quijote<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u8bc4\u6ce8\u6027\u526f\u8bcd\uff08evaluative adverbial\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff09 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u53cd\u8bbd\uff08reader-level irony\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff0cirrefutable \u81ea\u5c01\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>To this third interpretation (which I judge to be irrefutable)<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>A esa tercera interpretaci\u00f3n (que juzgo irrefutable)<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u5143\u6279\u8bc4\u8bc4\u65ad &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u8bc9\u8bf8\u65ad\u8a00\uff0f\u53cd\u8bbd<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u5e76\u7f6e\uff08juxtaposition\uff0c\u8de8\u65f6\u4ee3\u540c\u4ee3\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>Pierre Menard\u2019s Don Quixote\u2014a contemporary of La trahison des clercs and Bertrand Russell\u2014<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>el don Quijote de Pierre Menard \u2014hombre contempor\u00e1neo de La trahison des clercs y de Bertrand Russell\u2014<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5e76\u7f6e\uff08juxtaposition\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\u3001\u7528\u5178\/\u4e13\u540d\u5217\u4e3e &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u642d\u914d\u53d8\u5f02<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>5. \u7f13\u548c\uff08mitigation \/ downtoning\uff0ccasi \u6ed1\u52a8\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>la casi divina modestia de Pierre Menard<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>el segundo es casi infinitamente m\u00e1s rico<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>the almost divine modesty of Pierre Menard<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>the second is almost infinitely richer<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u7f13\u548c\uff08mitigation \/ downtoning\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5938\u5f20\uff08\u5c24\u5176<code>infinitamente m\u00e1s rico<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u91cd\u590d &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u6de1\u5316\u9648\u8ff0\uff08understatement\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>6. \u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff0c\u62ec\u53f7\u627f\u8f7d\u5224\u65ad\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>(More ambiguous, his detractors will say, but ambiguity is richness.)<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>(M\u00e1s ambiguo, dir\u00e1n sus detractores; pero la ambig\u00fcedad es una riqueza.)<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u9884\u671f\u53cd\u9a73\uff08procatalepsis\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\/\u8f6c\u6298 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u683c\u8a00\u4f53\uff08<code>la ambig\u00fcedad es una riqueza<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"fn2-\u4eba\u7269\u8096\u50cf\u811a\u6ce8\">fn2 \u4eba\u7269\u8096\u50cf\u811a\u6ce8<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u8c26\u6291\u5957\u8bed\uff08modesty topos \/ captatio benevolentiae\uff0c\u7ade\u4e89\u5f0f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>But how could I dare to compete with the golden pages which, I am told, the Baroness de Bacourt is preparing<\/code> ES: <code>Pero \u00bfc\u00f3mo atreverme a competir con las p\u00e1ginas \u00e1ureas que me dicen prepara la baronesa de Bacourt...?<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u8c26\u6291\u5957\u8bed\uff08modesty topos\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4fee\u8f9e\u95ee\u53e5\u3001\u5938\u9970\u6027\u79f0\u8d5e\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u4f6f\u8c26\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff08pseudo-documentation\uff0c\u672a\u5151\u73b0\u5f15\u8bc1\uff09 \u26a0\ufe0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN: <code>or with the delicate and punctual pencil of Carolus Hourcade?<\/code> ES: <code>o con el l\u00e1piz delicado y puntual de Carolus Hourcade?<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3b\u5bfc\u5019\u9009\uff1d\u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff08pseudo-documentation\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u54c1\u5f15\u8bc1\u3001\u4fee\u8f9e\u95ee\u53e5\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u5355\u7eaf\u4eba\u7269\/\u4f5c\u54c1\u63d0\u53ca\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"\u537703-\u9010\u5b57\u5bf9\u7167\u4e0e\u5168\u7bc7\u603b\u88683444-fn1-fn3-date\">\u537703 \u9010\u5b57\u5bf9\u7167\u4e0e\u5168\u7bc7\u603b\u8868\uff08\u00b634\u2013\u00b644 + fn1 + fn3 + [date]\uff09<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"\u6821\u52d8\u5373\u542f\u793a\">\u00b634 \u6821\u52d8\u5373\u542f\u793a<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff0c\u964d\u683c\u4e0e\u5347\u683c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Es una revelaci\u00f3n cotejar el don Quijote de Menard con el de Cervantes.<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>It is a revelation to compare Menard\u2019s Don Quixote with Cervantes\u2019.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>cotejar<\/code> \u662f\u6821\u52d8\/\u6bd4\u8f83\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c<code>revelaci\u00f3n<\/code> \u5c06\u5176\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u542f\u793a\u201d\u3002\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u662f\u9690\u55bb\u6027\u540c\u4e00\u5316\uff1b\u5b97\u6559\u8bed\u57df\u4e0e\u6587\u732e\u5b66\u8bed\u57df\u7684\u9519\u4f4d\u662f\u4f34\u968f\u6548\u679c\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6 antithesis\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53e5\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709A\/B\u53cd\u4e49\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u4e92\u6587\uff08intertextuality\uff0c\u7ae0\u53f7\u5f15\u6ce8\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>\u00c9ste, por ejemplo, escribi\u00f3 (Don Quijote, primera parte, noveno cap\u00edtulo):<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u7ae0\u53f7\u4e0e\u4e66\u540d\u4e3a\u968f\u540e\u7684\u300a\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u5f15\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u6765\u6e90\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6743\u5a01\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u547d\u9898\u4e3a\u771f\u201d\u7684 argumentum ad verecundiam\uff1b\u4e3b\u5bfc\u662f\u6587\u672c\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u6587\u672c\u7684\u660e\u786e\u6307\u6d89\u4e0e\u5f15\u4ecb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u524d\u6307\uff08cataphora\uff0c\u5192\u53f7\u8bb8\u8bfa\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>The latter, for example, wrote (part one, chapter nine):<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>por ejemplo<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5192\u53f7\u540e\u7acb\u523b\u7ed9\u51fa\u5f15\u6587\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5ef6\u8fdf\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u6784\u6210 suspense\u3002<code>por ejemplo<\/code> \u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u4f8b\u793a\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540e\u6587\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f62\u6210\u7cfb\u5217\u3002\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e3a\u524d\u6307\/\u5f15\u6587\u9884\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u585e\u4e07\u63d0\u65af\u7248\u5f15\u6587\">\u00b635 \u585e\u4e07\u63d0\u65af\u7248\u5f15\u6587<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration \/ enumeratio\uff0c\u52a0\u5195\u5f0f\u5217\u4e3e\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>. . . truth, whose mother is history, rival of time, depository of deeds, witness of the past, exemplar and adviser to the present, and the future\u2019s counselor.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5f15\u6587\u4f9d\u6b21\u5199\uff1a<code>madre... \/ \u00e9mula... \/ dep\u00f3sito... \/ testigo... \/ ejemplo y aviso... \/ advertencia...<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u7d2f\u79ef\u5217\u4e3e\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c13\u9879\u6ca1\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u5f3a\u5ea6\u6807\u5c3a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e25\u683c\u8bc1\u660e gradatio\u3002\u4e3b\u5bfc\u6539\u4e3a enumeration\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\u540c\u4f4d\/\u8c13\u9879\u7d2f\u79ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff0c\u6bcd\u5973\u5012\u7f6e\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u00b635 <code>truth, whose mother is history<\/code> \uff0b \u00b638 <code>History, the mother of truth<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u00b635\uff1a<code>la verdad, cuya madre es la historia<\/code> \u540e\u6587\uff1a<code>La historia, madre de la verdad<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u8005\u8bed\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u53e5\u6cd5\u91cd\u6392\uff1b\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u6bcd\u5973\u5012\u7f6e\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 foreshadowing \u8bba\u8bc1\u5931\u6548\u3002\u8be5\u6e90\u69fd\u4f4d\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4eb2\u5c5e\u9690\u55bb\uff1a\u5386\u53f2\u88ab\u5199\u6210\u771f\u7406\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff0c\u6cd5\u5ead\u610f\u8c61\u94fe\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>rival of time, depository of deeds, witness of the past<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>testigo<\/code>\u2014<code>dep\u00f3sito<\/code>\u2014<code>aviso<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>\u00e9mula \/ dep\u00f3sito \/ testigo \/ ejemplo y aviso \/ advertencia<\/code> \u5e76\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u201c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201d\u6e90\u57df\uff1b\u5c24\u5176\u897f\u8bed <code>dep\u00f3sito \/ aviso \/ advertencia<\/code> \u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u6574\u6cd5\u5ead\u94fe\u3002\u53ef\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u201d\u8fde\u7eed\u8d4b\u4e88\u591a\u79cd\u89d2\u8272\/\u5bb9\u5668\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u7d2f\u79ef\u3002<code>testigo<\/code> \u53ef\u5e26\u53f8\u6cd5\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u5b9c\u4f5c\u4f34\u968f\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u5e73\u4fe1\u5f92\u5929\u624d\u4e0e\u65f6\u6001\u5207\u6362\">\u00b636 \u201c\u5e73\u4fe1\u5f92\u5929\u624d\u201d\u4e0e\u65f6\u6001\u5207\u6362<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u591a\u4e49\uff08polysemy\uff0c\u5224\u8bcd\u6c47\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>redactada por el \u00abingenio lego\u00bb Cervantes<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>written by the \u201clay genius\u201d Cervantes<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>2. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff0c\u8d2c\u6b64\u8912\u5f7c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>esa enumeraci\u00f3n es un mero elogio ret\u00f3rico de la historia. Menard, en cambio, escribe:<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>en cambio<\/code> \u660e\u793a\u6bd4\u8f83\u6846\u67b6\uff1a\u585e\u4e07\u63d0\u65af\u6bb5\u88ab\u964d\u4e3a\u201cmero elogio ret\u00f3rico\u201d\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\u88ab\u53e6\u884c\u6846\u5b9a\u3002antithesis\u6210\u7acb\uff1b\u540e\u7eed\u76f8\u540c\u5f15\u6587\u8ba9\u8fd9\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u5dee\u5f02\u66f4\u5c16\u9510\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u65f6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\uff08tense shift\uff0cwrote vs writes\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a\u00b634 <code>escribi\u00f3<\/code> \/ \u00b636 <code>escribe<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>wrote<\/code> \/ <code>writes<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u73b0\u8c61\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u4f46\u539f\u5206\u6790\u628a <code>escribi\u00f3<\/code> \u8bef\u79f0\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u3001\u628a <code>escribe<\/code> \u8bf4\u6210\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u201d\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\u5747\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff08pret\u00e9rito indefinido\uff09\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff08presente\uff09\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba8\u8bba\u5386\u53f2\u8ddd\u79bb\/\u5f53\u524d\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\u6c38\u5728\u5199\u4f5c\u201d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u65f6\u6001\u672c\u8eab\u5fc5\u7136\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"A\">\n<p><strong>3. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u00b634 <code>Cervantes wrote...<\/code> \/ \u00b636 <code>Menard writes...<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>escribi\u00f3<\/code> \/ <code>escribe<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u65f6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\uff08tense shift\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u6096\u8bba\uff08paradox\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a3. \u65f6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\uff08tense shift\uff0cwrote vs writes\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u585e\u4e07\u63d0\u65af\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\uff08\u5386\u53f2\u4f5c\u8005\uff09\uff0c\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff08\u5f53\u4ee3\u4f5c\u8005\/\u4ecd\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f5c\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u65f6\u6001\u533a\u5206\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\u7248\u5f15\u6587\">\u00b637 \u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\u7248\u5f15\u6587<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u91cd\u590d\uff08repetition\uff0c\u6574\u6bb5\u590d\u73b0\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>. . . truth, whose mother is history, rival of time, depository of deeds, witness of the past, exemplar and adviser to the present, and the future\u2019s counselor.<\/code>\uff08\u4e0e \u00b635 \u9010\u5b57\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5370\u5237\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5f15\u6587\u4e0e\u00b635\u5728\u6587\u672c\u5c42\u9010\u5b57\u590d\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u6790\u8005\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7248\u9762\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1b\u5b83\u628a\u201cverbalmente id\u00e9nticos\u201d\u76f4\u63a5\u7269\u8d28\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff08metafiction\uff0c\u51fa\u5904\u6539\u4e49\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u00b636 <code>Menard, on the other hand, writes:<\/code> \uff0b <code>. . . truth, whose mother is history, rival of time,<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>Menard, en cambio, escribe:<\/code> \u4e3a\u4e0e\u00b635\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u91cd\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u539f\u201c\u6846\u67b6\u201d\u53ea\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u89c4\u8303\u4e3b\u540d\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u673a\u5236\u662f\u6587\u672c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5e76\u8868\u6f14\u201c\u4f5c\u8005\u5f52\u5c5e\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u672c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e metafiction\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"D\">\n<p><strong>2. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u00b636 <code>Menard, on the other hand, writes:<\/code> \uff0b \u4e0e \u00b635 \u9010\u5b57\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5f15\u6587 <code>. . . truth, whose mother is history, rival of time, depository of deeds...<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff08pseudo-scholarship\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff08metafiction\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a2. \u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff08metafiction\uff0c\u51fa\u5904\u6539\u4e49\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u5f52\u5c5e\u585e\u4e07\u63d0\u65af\u65f6\u662f\u201c\u4fee\u8f9e\u9882\u8bcd\u201d\uff0c\u5f52\u5c5e\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\u65f6\u662f\u201c\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u771f\u7406\u89c2\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6587\u672c\u610f\u4e49\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u51fa\u5904\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e0e\u9610\u91ca\u7684\u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\u547d\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>3. \u524d\u666f\u5316\uff08foregrounding\uff0c\u65e0\u8bc4\u8ff0\u5448\u73b0\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>. . . truth, whose mother is history, rival of time, depository of deeds, witness of the past, exemplar and adviser to the present, and the future\u2019s counselor.<\/code>\uff08\u5168\u6bb5\u5373\u5f15\u6587\u672c\u8eab\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u201c\u5c55\u793a\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u89c4\u8303\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u6574\u6bb5\u5f15\u6587\u88ab\u72ec\u7acb\u6392\u51fa\u3001\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u989d\u5916\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u00b635\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u5f62\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5f3a\u89c6\u89c9\/\u7248\u9762\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u89c4\u8303\u4e3a foregrounding\u3002\u4f34\u968f\uff1aquotation\u3001repetition\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u5386\u53f2\u771f\u7406\u4e4b\u6bcd\">\u00b638 \u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u771f\u7406\u4e4b\u6bcd<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u8bc4\u4ef7\uff08evaluation \/ appraisal\uff0c\u9610\u91ca\u60ca\u53f9\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>La historia, madre de la verdad; la idea es asombrosa.<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>History, the mother of truth: the idea is astounding.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u8c13\u8bed\uff08evaluative predication\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u540c\u4f4d\u7ed3\u6784\uff08<code>La historia, madre de la verdad<\/code>\uff09 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u5938\u5f20\uff08hyperbole\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u7528\u5178\uff08allusion\uff0c\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Menard, contempor\u00e1neo de William James...<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>Menard, a contemporary of William James...<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u7528\u5178\uff08allusion\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4eba\u7269\u5171\u65f6\u6027\u6846\u67b6 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u8bc9\u8bf8\u6743\u5a01\uff0f\u601d\u60f3\u5f71\u54cd\u6697\u793a<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u8bc4\u4ef7\uff08evaluation \/ appraisal\uff0cdescaradamente\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Las cl\u00e1usulas finales ... son descaradamente pragm\u00e1ticas.<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>The final phrases ... are brazenly pragmatic.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u526f\u8bcd\uff08evaluative adverb\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5143\u6279\u8bc4\u8bc4\u65ad &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u591a\u4e49\uff08polysemy\uff0c<code>pragm\u00e1ticas<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u98ce\u683c\u5224\u51b3\">\u00b639 \u98ce\u683c\u5224\u51b3<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff0c\u53cc\u91cd\u6807\u51c6\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Tambi\u00e9n es v\u00edvido el contraste de los estilos. El estilo arcaizante de Menard \u2014extranjero al fin\u2014 adolece de alguna afectaci\u00f3n. No as\u00ed el del precursor, que maneja con desenfado el espa\u00f1ol corriente de su \u00e9poca.<\/code><\/p>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>The contrast in style is also vivid. The archaic style of Menard\u2014quite foreign, after all\u2014suffers from a certain affectation. Not so that of his forerunner, who handles with ease the current Spanish of his time.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u9ad8\u9636\u53cd\u8bbd\uff08narrator-level irony\uff09\u3001\u5143\u6279\u8bc4 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u6096\u8bba\u6027\u8272\u5f69<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff0c\u56fd\u7c4d\u6279\u8bc4\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>El estilo arcaizante de Menard \u2014extranjero al fin\u2014 adolece de alguna afectaci\u00f3n.<\/code><\/p>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>The archaic style of Menard\u2014quite foreign, after all\u2014suffers from a certain affectation.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u8eab\u4efd\u5316\u89e3\u91ca\u3001\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u65c1\u6ce8 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u53d1\u751f\u5b66\u504f\u89c1\uff08genetic attribution\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u964c\u751f\u5316\uff08defamiliarization\uff0cprecursor\u8d5b\u8dd1\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>No as\u00ed el del precursor<\/code><\/p>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>Not so that of his forerunner<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u964c\u751f\u5316\uff08defamiliarization\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u89d2\u8272\u91cd\u5206\u7c7b &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u5e38\u89c4\u5316\u7a7a\u95f4\u9690\u55bb\uff08forerunner\/precursor\uff09 &#8211; \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\uff1d\u201c\u8d5b\u8dd1\u9690\u55bb\u201d\u201c\u829d\u8bfa\u6096\u8bba\u6587\u5b66\u89e3\u201d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u667a\u529b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8870\u53d8\u4e0e\u58f0\u540d\">\u00b640 \u667a\u529b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8870\u53d8\u4e0e\u58f0\u540d<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u53cd\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff08anticlimax \/ descending gradatio\uff0c\u5b87\u5b99\u8bba\u9012\u51cf\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Una doctrina filos\u00f3fica es al principio una descripci\u00f3n veros\u00edmil del universo; giran los a\u00f1os y es un mero cap\u00edtulo \u2014cuando no un p\u00e1rrafo o un nombre\u2014 de la historia de la filosof\u00eda.<\/code><\/p>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>A philosophical doctrine begins as a plausible description of the universe; with the passage of the years it becomes a mere chapter\u2014if not a paragraph or a name\u2014in the history of philosophy.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u9012\u964d\u6cd5\uff08anticlimax \/ descending gradatio\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5217\u4e3e\u3001\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7f29\u51cf &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u7a81\u964d\uff08bathos\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u4e09\u9879\u5f0f\uff08tricolon\uff0c\u4eb5\u6e0e\u6e05\u5355\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>ahora es una ocasi\u00f3n de brindis patri\u00f3tico, de soberbia gramatical, de obscenas ediciones de lujo.<\/code><\/p>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>now it is the occasion for patriotic toasts, grammatical insolence and obscene de luxe editions.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u4e09\u9879\u5f0f\uff08tricolon\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\uff08<code>fue...; ahora...<\/code>\uff09 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u8bbd\u523a<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u683c\u8a00\u4f53\uff08gnomic \/ aphoristic style\uff0c\u683c\u8a00\u4f5c\u8bba\u70b9\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>La gloria es una incomprensi\u00f3n y quiz\u00e1 la peor.<\/code><\/p>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>Fame is a form of incomprehension, perhaps the worst.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u683c\u8a00\u4f53\uff08gnomic \/ aphoristic style\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5224\u65ad\u53e5\u3001\u60c5\u6001\u7f13\u548c\uff08<code>quiz\u00e1 \/ perhaps<\/code>\uff09 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u9690\u55bb\u6027\u5206\u7c7b\uff08fame = incomprehension\uff09<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong> \u00b641\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8bf4Menard\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201ccomprobaciones nihilistas\u201d\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u53e5\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u91d1\u53e5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u6bb5\u884c\u52a8\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u524d\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u9500\u6bc1\u624b\u7a3f\u4e0e\u7f3a\u5e2d\u6863\u6848\">\u00b641 \u9500\u6bc1\u624b\u7a3f\u4e0e\u7f3a\u5e2d\u6863\u6848<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u62df\u4eba\uff08personification \/ prosopopoeia\uff0c\u9500\u6bc1\u9884\u544a\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>He decided to anticipate the vanity awaiting all man\u2019s efforts<\/code> ES\uff1a<code>Resolvi\u00f3 adelantarse a la vanidad que aguarda todas las fatigas del hombre<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff1a\u00b640\u4ee5<code>La gloria es una incomprensi\u00f3n y quiz\u00e1 la peor<\/code>\u6536\u675f\uff1b\u00b641\u628a\u5224\u65ad\u8f6c\u6210\u6bc1\u7a3f\u884c\u52a8\uff1b\u00b642\u624d\u628a\u7f3a\u5e2d\u8349\u7a3f\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u201c\u5148\u524d\u5199\u4f5c\u201d\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u62df\u4eba\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u65f6\u95f4\/\u7ade\u8d5b\u9690\u55bb<code>adelantarse a<\/code>\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u9884\u793a\u6027\u529f\u80fd\u3002<code>vanidad<\/code>\u83b7\u5f97<code>aguarda<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e00\u65bd\u4e8b\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u62df\u4eba\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u6838\u3002\u6bc1\u7a3f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6bb5\u7acb\u5373\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5ef6\u8fdf\u56de\u6536\uff0c\u4e25\u683cforeshadowing\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"D\">\n<p><strong>1. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>He decided to anticipate the vanity awaiting all man's efforts<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>la vanidad que aguarda todas las fatigas del hombre<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff08pseudo-scholarship\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u62df\u4eba\uff08personification\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a1. \u62df\u4eba\uff08personification \/ prosopopoeia\uff0c\u9500\u6bc1\u9884\u544a\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>vanity<\/code>\uff08\u865a\u5984\uff09\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u201c\u7b49\u5f85\u201d\uff08<code>awaiting \/ aguarda<\/code>\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u6709\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u65bd\u4e8b\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u83b7\u5f97\u62df\u4eba\u5316\u884c\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>2. \u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration \/ enumeratio\uff0c\u53d7\u96be\u6e05\u5355\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>He dedicated his scruples and his sleepless nights ... He multiplied draft upon draft, revised tenaciously and tore up thousands of manuscript pages.<\/code> ES\uff1a<code>Dedic\u00f3 sus escr\u00fapulos y vigilias ... Multiplic\u00f3 los borradores; corrigi\u00f3 tenazmente y desgarr\u00f3 miles de p\u00e1ginas manuscritas.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>3. \u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff08pseudo-documentation\uff0c\u81ea\u6bc1\u53cd\u7528\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>He did not let anyone examine these drafts and took care they should not survive him. In vain have I tried to reconstruct them.<\/code> ES\uff1a<code>No permiti\u00f3 que fueran examinadas por nadie y cuid\u00f3 que no le sobrevivieran. En vano he procurado reconstruirlas.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u6863\u6848\u7f3a\u5e2d\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6587\u732e\u81ea\u6bc1\u6096\u8bba\u201d\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u65f6\u65ad\u8a00\u6863\u6848\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4f2a\u6587\u732e\u6548\u679c\u6765\u81ea\u53d9\u8ff0\u8005\u6a21\u62df\u6863\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5374\u628a\u5173\u952e\u6750\u6599\u8bbe\u4e3a\u5df2\u6bc1\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"palimpsesttroy\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\">\u00b642 palimpsest\u3001Troy\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff0c\u5206\u5c42\u8bd7\u5b66\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>a kind of palimpsest, through which the traces\u2014tenuous but not indecipherable\u2014of our friend\u2019s \u201cprevious\u201d writing should be translucently visible<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>una especie de palimpsesto, en el que deben traslucirse los rastros \u2014tenues pero no indescifrables\u2014 de la \u00abprevia\u00bb escritura de nuestro amigo<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff08metafiction\uff09\u3001\u5730\u5c42\/\u4e66\u5199\u610f\u8c61\u3001\u53cd\u8bbd\u5f15\u53f7\uff08<code>final \/ previa<\/code>\uff09 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1dpalimpsest\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u6982\u5ff5 &#8211; \u4e0d\u5b9c\u4e3b\u540d\uff1d\u201c\u91cd\u5199\u672c\uff08\u5206\u5c42\u8bd7\u5b66\uff09\u201d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u7528\u5178\uff08allusion\uff0c\u7279\u6d1b\u4f0a\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>exhume and revive those lost Troys<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>exhumar y resucitar esas Troyas<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u7528\u5178\uff08allusion\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4e13\u540d\u666e\u901a\u5316\/\u590d\u6570\u5316\uff08<code>Troyas<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u8003\u53e4\/\u590d\u6d3b\u8bed\u57df &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u9690\u55bb &#8211; \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\uff1d\u8c22\u91cc\u66fc1873\u3001\u57c3\u6d85\u963f\u65af\/\u7f57\u9a6c\u5efa\u57ce\u53cc\u91cd\u5178\u6545\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6fc0\u6d3b<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u5206\u8eab\uff08double \/ doppelg\u00e4nger\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>only a second Pierre Menard, inverting the other\u2019s work, would be able to exhume and revive those lost Troys<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>s\u00f3lo un segundo Pierre Menard, invirtiendo el trabajo del anterior, podr\u00eda exhumar y resucitar esas Troyas<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5206\u8eab\uff08double \/ doppelg\u00e4nger\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5012\u7f6e\uff08inversion\uff09\u3001\u5047\u8bbe\u8bed\u6c14\uff08<code>podr\u00eda \/ would be able to<\/code>\uff09 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u9012\u5f52\u7ed3\u6784 &#8211; \u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\uff1d\u65e0\u9650\u5012\u9000\uff08infinite regress\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u672b\u4fe1\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u547c\u5438\">\u00b643 \u672b\u4fe1\uff1a\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u547c\u5438<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\uff08parallelism\uff0c\u53cc\u4e09\u8054\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Pensar, analizar, inventar ... Glorificar ... atesorar ... recordar...<\/code><\/p>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>Thinking, analyzing, inventing ... To glorify ... to hoard ... to recall...<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\uff08parallelism\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4e09\u9879\u5f0f\uff08tricolon\uff09\u00d72\u3001\u5217\u4e3e &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u7b49\u957f\u53e5\uff08isocolon\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u94fe\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>son la normal respiraci\u00f3n de la inteligencia<\/code><\/p>\n<p>EN\uff1a<code>they are the normal respiration of the intelligence<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u8eab\u4f53\u5316\/\u751f\u7406\u5316\u610f\u8c61 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u5ef6\u5c55\u9690\u55bb\uff08extended metaphor\uff09<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u8bed\uff08direct quotation \/ direct discourse\uff0c\u6574\u6bb5\u52a0\u5f15\u53f7\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a\u6574\u6bb5\u7531 <code>\u00abPensar...<\/code> \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ee5 <code>...lo ser\u00e1.\u00bb<\/code> \u95ed\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>EN\uff1a\u6574\u6bb5\u7531 opening quotation mark \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ee5 <code>...this will be the case.\u201d<\/code> \u95ed\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a77\u4e3e\u624b\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> &#8211; \u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u8bed\uff08direct quotation \/ direct discourse\uff09 &#8211; \u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4e66\u4fe1\u4f53\u5d4c\u5165\u3001\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u7ea7\u5207\u6362 &#8211; \u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u201c\u4e34\u7ec8\u9057\u8a00\u201d\u6548\u679c<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u672f\">\u00b644 \u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u672f<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u540c\u4e49\u53cd\u590d\uff08tautology \/ redundancy\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u540d\u56de\u73af\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>el libro Le jardin du Centaure de Madame Henri Bachelier como si fuera de Madame Henri Bachelier<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>the book Le jardin du Centaure of Madame Henri Bachelier as if it were by Madame Henri Bachelier<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u540c\u4e49\u53cd\u590d\/\u5197\u4f59\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4e13\u540d\u91cd\u590d\u3001\u5143\u6279\u8bc4\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u6096\u8bba\u6027\u8272\u5f69\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bd1\u6587\u5f52\u5c5e\uff1a[\u539f\u6587]\uff1bIrby\u4fdd\u7559\u4e24\u6b21 Bachelier\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\uff08anachronism\uff0c\u5965\u5fb7\u8d5b\u540e\u7f6e\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>recorrer la Odisea como si fuera posterior a la Eneida<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>go through the Odyssey as if it were posterior to the Aeneid<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\uff08anachronism\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5047\u8bbe\u7ed3\u6784 <code>como si \/ as if<\/code>\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u5148\u540e\u5012\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bd1\u6587\u5f52\u5c5e\uff1a[\u539f\u6587]\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-quiz\" data-ans=\"C\">\n<p><strong>2. \uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>go through the Odyssey as if it were posterior to the Aeneid<\/code>\uff08ES: <code>recorrer la Odisea como si fuera posterior a la Eneida<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"rq-q\">\u2192 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u79cd\u624b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/p>\n<div class=\"rq-opts\"><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"A\">A. \u6096\u8bba\uff08paradox\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"B\">B. \u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff08pseudo-scholarship\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"C\">C. \u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\uff08anachronism\uff09<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-k=\"D\">D. \u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff09<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rq-ans\" hidden>\n<p><strong>\u7b54\u6848\uff1a2. \u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\uff08anachronism\uff0c\u5965\u5fb7\u8d5b\u540e\u7f6e\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u300a\u5965\u5fb7\u8d5b\u300b\u5f53\u4f5c\u300a\u57c3\u6d85\u963f\u65af\u7eaa\u300b\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u6765\u8bfb\u2014\u2014\u6545\u610f\u98a0\u5012\u5386\u53f2\u5e74\u4ee3\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\/\u535a\u5c14\u8d6b\u65af\u9605\u8bfb\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\u8d4b\u4e88\u6587\u672c\u65b0\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u4fee\u8f9e\u95ee\u53e5\uff08interrogatio \/ rhetorical question\uff0c\u6e0e\u795e\u8bd5\u95ee\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Atribuir a Louis Ferdinand C\u00e9line o a James Joyce la Imitaci\u00f3n de Cristo \u00bfno es una suficiente renovaci\u00f3n de esos tenues avisos espirituales?<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>To attribute the Imitatio Christi to Louis Ferdinand C\u00e9line or to James Joyce, is this not a sufficient renovation of its tenuous spiritual indications?<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u4fee\u8f9e\u95ee\u53e5\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u7528\u5178\u3001\u5e76\u5217\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u8bbd\u523a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bd1\u6587\u5f52\u5c5e\uff1a[\u539f\u6587]\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\uff08anachronism\uff0canachr\u00f6nism \u620f\u62fc\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>la t\u00e9cnica del anacronismo deliberado y de las atribuciones err\u00f3neas<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>the deliberate anachr\u00f6nism and the erroneous attribution<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\uff08anachronism\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\/\u5143\u6279\u8bc4\u5f0f\u6280\u672f\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u5938\u5f20\uff08<code>aplicaci\u00f3n infinita<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"fn1-\u76ee\u5f55\u811a\u6ce8\">fn1 \u76ee\u5f55\u811a\u6ce8<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff08pseudo-documentation\uff0c\u771f\u4f2a\u6742\u7cc5\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Madame Henri Bachelier enumera asimismo una versi\u00f3n literal de la versi\u00f3n literal que hizo Quevedo de la Introduction \u00e0 la vie d\u00e9vote... En la biblioteca de Pierre Menard no hay rastros de tal obra.<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>Madame Henri Bachelier also lists a literal translation of Quevedo\u2019s literal translation ... There are no traces of such a work in Menard\u2019s library.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4e66\u76ee\u4eff\u62df\u3001\u6863\u6848\u6838\u67e5\u3001\u811a\u6ce8\u526f\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff08pseudo-scholarship\uff0c\u73a9\u7b11\u5f52\u6863\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>Debe tratarse de una broma de nuestro amigo, mal escuchada.<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>It must have been a jest of our friend, misunderstood by the lady.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u60c5\u6001 <code>Debe tratarse \/ must have been<\/code>\u3001\u6765\u6e90\u6279\u5224\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u526f\u6587\u672c\uff08paratext\uff0c\u811a\u6ce8\u951a\u79bb\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><code>A manuscript list of verses which owe their efficacy to their punctuation.1<\/code>\uff08fn1 \u951a\u4e8e \u00b622 \u76ee\u5f55\u672b\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5168\u7bc7\u672b\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u6b63\u6587\u76ee\u5f55\u6761\u76ee\u5e26\u811a\u6ce8\u53f7\uff0c\u811a\u6ce8\u6587\u672c\u5728\u6b63\u6587\u540e\u5448\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u526f\u6587\u672c\uff08paratext\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4f2a\u6587\u732e\u6846\u67b6\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u65f6\u95f4\u5c42\u5206\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"fn3-\u4eba\u7269\u8096\u50cf\u811a\u6ce8\">fn3 \u4eba\u7269\u8096\u50cf\u811a\u6ce8<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u610f\u8c61\uff08imagery\uff0c\u7bdd\u706b\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>sol\u00eda llevar consigo un cuaderno y hacer una alegre fogata.<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>he would take a notebook with him and make a merry bonfire.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u610f\u8c61\uff08imagery\uff09\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u4eba\u7269\u4e60\u60ef\u63cf\u5199\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u4e0e\u00b641\u6bc1\u7a3f\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u547c\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration \/ enumeratio\uff0c\u633d\u6b4c\u4e09\u666f\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>salir a caminar por los arrabales de N\u00eemes; sol\u00eda llevar consigo un cuaderno y hacer una alegre fogata.<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u5217\u4e3e\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u5e76\u5217\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\/\u7a7a\u95f4\u610f\u8c61\uff1b\u53ef\u5546\u69b7\uff1d\u4e09\u9879\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>4. \u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff0c\u5361\u592b\u5361\u6606\u866b\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>su letra de insecto<\/code> EN\uff1a<code>his insect-like handwriting<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 id=\"date-\u843d\u6b3en\u00eemes-1939\">[date] \u843d\u6b3e\uff1aN\u00eemes, 1939<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \u526f\u6587\u672c\uff08paratext\uff0c\u843d\u6b3e\u81ea\u8bc1\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>N\u00eemes, 1939<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Irby\u6b63\u6587\u4e2d\u8be5\u843d\u6b3e\u7f3a\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>2. \u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff08pseudo-documentation\uff0c\u843d\u6b3e\u62c5\u4fdd\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>N\u00eemes, 1939<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff1d\u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff1b\u4f34\u968f\uff1d\u65f6\u95f4\/\u7a7a\u95f4\u951a\u5b9a\u3001\u526f\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bd1\u6587\u5f52\u5c5e\uff1a[\u539f\u6587]\uff1bIrby\u6b63\u6587\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u843d\u6b3e\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>3. \u73b0\u5b9e\u6548\u5e94\uff08reality effect \/ effet de r\u00e9el\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f0f\u843d\u6b3e\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ES\uff1a<code>N\u00eemes, 1939<\/code><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><code>N\u00eemes<\/code>\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u5730\u540d\u7684\u4e13\u540d\u62fc\u5199\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u897f\u8bed\u53e5\/\u843d\u6b3e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u8bed\u5730\u540d\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u53d1\u751f\u8bed\u8a00\u4ee3\u7801\u5207\u6362\uff1b\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u6cd5\u8bed\u53e5\u6cd5\u3001\u8bcd\u7ec4\u6216\u53cc\u8bed\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 code-switching \u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 id=\"\u672f\u8bed\u9891\u6b21\u7d22\u5f15\">\u672f\u8bed\u9891\u6b21\u7d22\u5f15<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u4fee\u8f9e\u5b66\u8f9e\u683c<\/strong><\/p>\n<div>\n<table class=\"freq3-table\">\n<colgroup>\n<col style=\"width: 30%\" \/>\n<col style=\"width: 40%\" \/>\n<col style=\"width: 30%\" \/>\n<\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"header\">\n<th>\u672f\u8bed\uff08\u539f\u8bcd\uff09<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: right\">\u6761\u6570<\/th>\n<th>\u51fa\u73b0\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u5bf9\u7167\uff08antithesis\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">9<\/td>\n<td>25-01, 27-02, 27-03, 27-04, 29-04, 29-05, 31-04, 36-02, 39-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u9690\u55bb\uff08metaphor\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">8<\/td>\n<td>29-01, 31-07, 34-01, 35-02, 35-03, 42-01, 43-02, fn3-04<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u5217\u4e3e\uff08enumeration \/ enumeratio\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">6<\/td>\n<td>01-02, 03-03, 33-01, 35-01, 41-02, fn3-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u5e76\u7f6e\uff08juxtaposition\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">4<\/td>\n<td>23-03, 24-01, 31-02, 33-04<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff08parenthesis\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">4<\/td>\n<td>25-04, 33-03, 33-06, 39-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u7528\u5178\uff08allusion\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">3<\/td>\n<td>27-07, 38-02, 42-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u4e09\u9879\u5f0f\uff08tricolon\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>24-02, 40-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u53cd\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff08anticlimax \/ descending gradatio\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>23-02, 40-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u5938\u5f20\uff08hyperbole\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>23-04, 29-06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u5c42\u8fdb\uff08climax \/ gradatio\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>24-04, 31-05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u610f\u8c61\uff08imagery\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>30-02, fn3-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u62df\u4eba\uff08personification \/ prosopopoeia\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>01-03, 41-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u6de1\u5316\u9648\u8ff0\uff08understatement \/ meiosis\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>26-01, 27-05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u7701\u7565\uff08ellipsis\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>24-05, 28-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u8c26\u6291\u5957\u8bed\uff08modesty topos \/ captatio benevolentiae\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>02-03, fn2-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u91cd\u590d\uff08repetition\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>03-01, 37-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u9884\u671f\u53cd\u9a73\uff08procatalepsis\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>27-01, 29-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u4fee\u8f9e\u95ee\u53e5\uff08interrogatio \/ rhetorical question\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>44-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u53cd\u590d\u53d8\u4e49\uff08antanaclasis\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>32-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u53cd\u8bbd\uff08irony\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>02-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u540c\u4e49\u53cd\u590d\uff08tautology \/ redundancy\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>44-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u591a\u8fde\u8bcd\uff08polysyndeton\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>32-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u5e73\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\uff08parallelism\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>43-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u8ba9\u6b65\uff08concessio \/ concession\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>32-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u8f6c\u63a5\uff08transitio \/ metabasis\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>23-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u9996\u8bed\u91cd\u590d\uff08anaphora\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>32-05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td><strong>\u5c0f\u8ba1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>65<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u8bba\u8bc1<\/strong><\/p>\n<div>\n<table class=\"freq3-table\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"header\">\n<th>\u672f\u8bed\uff08\u539f\u8bcd\uff09<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: right\">\u6761\u6570<\/th>\n<th>\u51fa\u73b0\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u7c7b\u6bd4\uff08analogy\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>26-02, 31-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u4f8b\u8bc1\uff08exemplification\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>28-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u5047\u4e24\u96be\uff08false dichotomy\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>24-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u6c89\u9ed8\u8bba\u8bc1\uff08argument from silence \/ argumentum ex silentio\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>26-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u8bc9\u8bf8\u6743\u5a01\uff08argumentum ad verecundiam\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>02-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td><strong>\u5c0f\u8ba1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u53d9\u4e8b\u5b66\u4e0e\u6587\u5b66\u7406\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n<div>\n<table class=\"freq3-table\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"header\">\n<th>\u672f\u8bed\uff08\u539f\u8bcd\uff09<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: right\">\u6761\u6570<\/th>\n<th>\u51fa\u73b0\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u4f2a\u6587\u732e\uff08pseudo-documentation\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">5<\/td>\n<td>03-02, 41-03, fn1-01, fn2-02, date-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff08metafiction\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">3<\/td>\n<td>25-03, 31-06, 37-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u4e92\u6587\uff08intertextuality\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>28-01, 34-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u526f\u6587\u672c\uff08paratext\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>fn1-03, date-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u65f6\u4ee3\u9519\u7f6e\uff08anachronism\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>44-02, 44-04<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u4f0f\u7b14\uff08foreshadowing\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>27-06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u5206\u8eab\uff08double \/ doppelg\u00e4nger\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>42-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u620f\u4eff\uff08parody\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>01-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u73b0\u5b9e\u6548\u5e94\uff08reality effect \/ effet de r\u00e9el\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>date-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u8bbd\u523a\uff08satire\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>01-04<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u964c\u751f\u5316\uff08defamiliarization\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>39-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td><strong>\u5c0f\u8ba1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>20<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u6587\u4f53\u5b66\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66<\/strong><\/p>\n<div>\n<table class=\"freq3-table\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"header\">\n<th>\u672f\u8bed\uff08\u539f\u8bcd\uff09<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: right\">\u6761\u6570<\/th>\n<th>\u51fa\u73b0\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff08evaluation \/ appraisal\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">3<\/td>\n<td>33-02, 38-01, 38-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u8bed\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\uff08code-switching\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">3<\/td>\n<td>02-04, 28-04, 30-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u524d\u666f\u5316\uff08foregrounding\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">2<\/td>\n<td>30-01, 37-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u4e13\u540d\u666e\u901a\u5316\uff08appellativization\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>32-04<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u4f2a\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\uff08pseudo-scholarship\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>fn1-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u524d\u6307\uff08cataphora\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>34-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u5426\u5b9a\uff08negation\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>25-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u591a\u4e49\uff08polysemy\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>36-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u60c5\u6001\uff08alethic modality\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>31-01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u6587\u4f53\u6a21\u4eff\uff08pastiche\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>29-02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u65f6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\uff08tense shift\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>36-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u683c\u8a00\u4f53\uff08gnomic \/ aphoristic style\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>40-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u8bed\uff08direct quotation \/ direct discourse\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>43-03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td>\u7f13\u548c\uff08mitigation \/ downtoning\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>33-05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"odd\">\n<td>\u8bed\u57df\u8f6c\u6362\uff08register shift\uff09<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">1<\/td>\n<td>32-06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"even\">\n<td><strong>\u5c0f\u8ba1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>20<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>AI\u6574\u7406 | \u535a\u5c14\u8d6b\u65af\u300a\u3008\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u3009\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u76ae\u57c3\u5c14\u00b7\u6885\u7eb3\u5c14\u300b\u4fee\u8f9e\u8fa8\u8bc6\u6c47\u603b\uff08J. E. Irby \u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u82f1\/\u897f\u5bf9\u7167\uff09\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u542b10\u9053\u9009\u62e9\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[18],"class_list":["post-466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-borges-essays","tag-ai-curated"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/466","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=466"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/466\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":476,"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/466\/revisions\/476"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=466"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/allokatapixis.me\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}